Astragalus membranaceus Extract (AME) Enhances Growth, Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immunity of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Juveniles

The present study evaluated the impacts of powdered Astragalus membranaceus extract (AME) on growth, physiological responses, and serum immunity Pangasianodon hypophthalmus juveniles. Four test diets were formulated to include varying AME levels as 0.0 (control), 1.5 (AME1.5), 3.0 (AME3.0), 4.5 (AME4.5) g/kg. Fish weighing approximately 11.50 g stocked into four triplicate groups hand-fed three times daily for two months. At 60 days post-feeding, growth performance, including weight gain specific rate, was increased quadratically (R2 > 0.90) with increasing inclusion levels. An improvement in feed intake conversion ratio also noticed fed at different whole-body amino acid composition unaffected by diets. A significant quadratic trend digestive enzymes (lipase, ?-amylase, protease) found along Liver associated liver functions improved dietary Meanwhile, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine values inclusion. On other hand, (lysozyme total Igs) elevated a MDA decreased CAT, GPx, SOD enzyme activities demonstrated aforementioned effects P. health underpinned potentiality be used phyto-additive improve functionality aquafeed.